Biology 101 Quiz – Step by Step (Set 2)

1) The nucleolus is primarily involved in:

DNA replication Ribosome assembly Lipid synthesis ATP production

2) Which statement about the nuclear envelope is correct?

It lacks pores It contains interconnected pores that regulate traffic It is a single membrane It is present only in prokaryotes

3) Rough ER differs from smooth ER because rough ER:

Detoxifies drugs Has ribosomes and makes proteins for packaging Makes steroids only Stores genetic information

4) Which membrane protein specifically facilitates water transport?

Carrier protein Aquaporin Receptor Identification marker

5) Cholesterol in animal cell membranes functions mainly to:

Serve as a receptor Keep the membrane appropriately fluid Pump ions across the membrane Catalyze membrane reactions

6) The ECM (extracellular matrix) of animal cells primarily:

Performs photosynthesis Strengthens tissues and helps cells respond to their environment Replaces the plasma membrane Stores genetic information

7) Plasmodesmata are:

Animal cell junctions that block fluid Membrane-lined channels connecting plant cells Protein channels in bacterial walls Nuclear pores

8) In prokaryotes, a capsule (sheath) mainly helps with:

ATP synthesis Protection and resisting dehydration DNA replication Photosynthesis

9) Plasmids are best described as:

Membrane-bound organelles Accessory circular DNA in prokaryotes Protein filaments of the cytoskeleton Plant cell vacuoles

10) Thylakoids are:

Folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane Photosynthetic membranes in chloroplasts (and some bacteria) Storage vesicles for proteins Channels in the nuclear envelope

11) Alleles are:

Different versions of a gene found at the same locus Different genes on different chromosomes Environmental traits Protein enzymes

12) The term “locus” refers to:

A visible phenotype The physical location of a gene on a chromosome A type of gamete A mitotic spindle checkpoint

13) Incomplete dominance is best illustrated when:

Heterozygotes show a blend of the two phenotypes Both alleles are fully visible in the heterozygote Only recessive alleles are expressed Genes are linked on the same chromosome

14) Pleiotropy occurs when:

One gene influences multiple traits Multiple genes influence one trait Two alleles blend Genes assort independently

15) During oogenesis, small haploid cells that usually degenerate are called:

Spermatids Polar bodies Zygotes Centrosomes

16) In mitochondria, the inner membrane is:

Similar to eukaryotic plasma membrane and smooth Prokaryote-like and folded into cristae Absent The location of nuclear pores

17) Which statement about meiosis and sexual life cycles is correct?

Meiosis produces diploid gametes Fertilization restores diploidy in the zygote Meiosis increases chromosome number Meiosis has one division

18) Some fungi reproduce by “budding,” which means:

Closed mitosis without cytokinesis; a smaller cell grows from a larger one Formation of cell plate Formation of cleavage furrow Meiosis followed by fertilization

19) A cell in G₀ is best described as:

Actively dividing Paused outside the active cell cycle Undergoing cytokinesis Completing meiosis II

20) Which pairing is correct regarding energy carriers?

NAD⁺ and FADH₂ are both high-energy carriers NADH and NADPH are high-energy; NAD⁺ and NADP⁺ are low-energy FAD is high-energy; FADH₂ is low-energy ADP carries more energy than ATP

Biology 101 Quiz – Set 2